當專案released時即執行階段的開始
有些在專案之外執行, Purchase requisitions需交給採購部門執行, material reservations則由存貨管理單位建立與管理
Actual Values in the Project
許多因素造成規劃與實際值的差異, 如採購物品的價格改變,廠商未準時送貨, 等, 你必須輸入新的資訊以作為後續規劃工作的基礎
Completion Confirmations
- update capacity load of the work center
- record actual costs
- update network data (如剩餘的時間及工作)
Actual Dates
Actual Dates in WBS : 可輸入實際日期至個別的WBS element或從activities拷貝至相關的WBS element
Actual Dates in Networks :
Costs
實際成本與open items(funds commitments to meet future needs) 因專案的business transactions及feeder systems而提高, 在Project System中代表funds commitments的activities有:
- CO activity allocations/completion confirmations
- material issues
- deliveries
- external invoices
- purchase orders
- purchase requisitions
- material reservations
- non-specific manual funds commitments
Payments
Payments transactions with account assignments也記錄在專案中, 包括
- down payment requests
- down payments and down payment settlement
- payments in and out
Overheads
機器,房屋,物料,人員等的準備增加的經常開支(overheads)可以透過經開開支率(overhead rates)計算至plan and/or actual costs內. Overheads可計算在下列物件內:
- WBS elements
- networks
- activities in networks
User-Defined Overhead Profiles : 可以利用overhead profiles計算適當的overheads.
一個overhead profile包含下列的設定
- percentage overhead rates
- absolute overhead amounts
- fixed and/or variable proportions per overhead rate
- single-/multi-level overhead calculation
- credit object and cost element
- allocation cost element
- quantity-based overhead amounts
Overhead Simulation : 可以讓系統計算overheads但不需將它過帳至專案, 你可以在overheads時際發生前做更正. 可以online或background執行overhead計算
Order for the Project
Project System與其他的SAP components高度整合使你可以為專案建立一些orders, 這些orders可能是:
- Internal Orders : 用在cost accounting層次及performance analysis
- Maintenance orders : 用在規劃及監控維護工作
- Production orders : 用在製造物料或提供服務
Budget Availability Control
Configuring Availability Control : 可決定
- funds commitments與total budget核對或與annual budget核對
- 那一個activities是availability control的主體, 如purchase orders or posting in cost accounting
- an percentage tolerance and/or an absolute tolerance是否應用在activity
- tolerance limits是否應用在預算的上下限
- 若一個activity將到達或已超過tolerance limit, 會啟動什麼行動(action)
Availability Control Actions :
- 產生警告
- 產生警告並傳訊息給project manager, 通知那一個WBS element超過限制值
- 產生錯誤訊息, 系統將拒絕過帳
Settlement
Settlement Logic : 專案完成後, 發生的成本要清算(settled), 可以將實際發生成本的全部或部份歸(settle)至一個或多個receivers (可為cost center, project, asset, G/L account, Business segment)
Settlement Rule : 包含settlement receivers, distribution of costs, and settlement type.
在WBS element master data中輸入
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